Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres en el Perú (2016-2025): Políticas Públicas, Institucionalidad e Investigación Científica. Una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60029/Palabras clave:
gestión del riesgo de desastres, políticas públicas, SINAGERD, Marco de Sendai, coordinación civil-militar, seguridad nacional, PerúResumen
El presente artículo desarrolla una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre las políticas públicas de gestión del riesgo de desastres (GRD) en el Perú durante el período 2016-2025. Se realizaron cinco búsquedas en Scopus —ejecutadas en marzo de 2026— con cadenas temáticas sobre GRD en el Perú, gobernanza del riesgo, Marco de Sendai, coordinación civil-militar e investigación académica en GRD. A partir de 1,568 registros identificados, se seleccionaron 88 artículos de revistas indexadas mediante el protocolo PRISMA 2020, a los que se suman documentos normativos, técnicos e institucionales. Los resultados evidencian tres hallazgos centrales: (1) el Perú posee un marco normativo robusto articulado en torno al Sistema Nacional de Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres (SINAGERD) y alineado con el Marco de Sendai 2015-2030 y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible; (2) persisten brechas críticas entre la producción normativa y su implementación efectiva a nivel subnacional; y (3) la producción científica nacional en GRD es incipiente, fragmentada y escasamente articulada con la formulación de políticas públicas. Se identifican implicancias estratégicas para la seguridad nacional, incluyendo la necesidad de desarrollar una doctrina formal de intervención de las Fuerzas Armadas en la gestión del riesgo. El artículo concluye con recomendaciones dirigidas a los niveles central, subnacional, académico y de defensa.
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Nota. Los instrumentos normativos adicionales correspondientes al período 2023-2025 (D.L. N° 1587, D.S. N° 060-2024-PCM, D.L. N° 1671, D.S. N° 142-2024-PCM y R.J. N° 000158-2025-INDECI/JEF) han sido incorporados en la Tabla 2 y en las referencias bibliográficas de la versión final.
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