Review of security approches and ITS current characterization

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze security approaches and adapt them to the current situation. To do this, various perspectives from authors and theoretical trends are examined, contrasting them with recent events at the global, regional, and local levels that have challenged state security systems. This review highlights two main stances: on one hand, the use of security forces to protect and advance the objectives and interests of the state, relying on its own capabilities to ensure its integrity and support; on the other. the adoption of a security approach focused on the individual, backed by alliances and international treaties aimed at reducing the securitization of the state, with an emphasis on global governance. Thus latter perspective limits the coercive capacity of the state, prioritizing the resolution of both traditional and emerging threats through appropriate public policies. Following this analysis, it is concluded that states must redefine